Rubrika: Články

JAROSLAV HRDLIČKA

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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DIPLOMAT AND HISTORIAN PROF. KAMIL KROFTA AND FF UK BRATISLAVA

Abstract: Kamil Krofta (1876-1945), Czech historian, studied history at the Faculty of History of
Charles University in Prague. After 1919, he worked in the diplomatic service in the Vatican, Vienna,
Berlin, and from 1936-1938 Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Czechoslovak Republic. After the
death of Prof. Jan Heidler, during his diplomatic service in Vienna, he was a professor of general
modern history at the Faculty of Philosophy of Comenius University in Bratislava from 1923–1925.
His research and publications during this period and later on were devoted to medieval and modern
history of Hungary and Slovakia. He contributed to the establishment of modern Slovak historical
science.

Keywords: historian; Comenius University; Slovak University in Bratislava; Edvard Beneš; Josef
Borovička; Gustav Friedrich; Julius Glücklich; Jan Heidler; Rudolf Holinka; Kristián Hynek; Václav
Chaloupecký; Vladimír Klecanda; Kamil Krofta; Dobroslav Orel; Josef Pekař; Albert Pražák; Daniel
Rapant; Josef Šusta; Branislav Varsik

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 3 – 4, Number of Article 4, p. 267 – 276.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.3-4.4

LUKÁŠ DE LA VEGA NOSEK

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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ETHICS, SPIRITUALITY, DIALOGUE, POIMENICS. AN ANALYSIS OF THE INTRODUCTION TO THE
TRACTATE DAFʿ AL-HAMM FROM THE PEN OF ELIAS OF NISIBIS (975-1046)

Abstract: This study is concerned with a content analysis of the Introduction to the voluminous
wisdom literature of Dafʿ al-hamm by the Nestorian metropolitan Elijah of Nisibis (975-1046). The
study first introduces the life and work of the author under study, thanks to contemporary secondary
literature. Next, it will present the entire treatise in its historical, substantive, and formal context. It
then proceeds to a detailed analysis of the 88 sentences of the introduction, which present not only
the meaning of the entire text but also the internal architecture of this interesting work. The study
demonstrates that the Introduction constitutes the architecture of the entire work and explains the
four key elements of Elijah‘s thought that he wove not only into the Introduction but into the entire
treatise: ethics, spirituality, dialogue, and poimenics. Finally, the study reflects on the contemporary
absence of historical analyses of poimenics among Arab Christians in the Middle Ages.

Keywords: Elijah of Nisibis (975-1046); history of theology; sapiential literature; ethics; spirituality;
dialogue; poimenics; Arab Christianity

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 3 – 4, Number of Article 3, p. stránka 246 – 266.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.3-4.3

KATEŘINA HLAVÁČOVÁ

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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ESCHATOLOGY AS THE CORE OF CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE: THEOLOGICAL DISCIPLINE AND ITS
“DE-ESCHATOLOGIZATION” IN MODERN WESTERN SOCIETY

Abstract: The twentieth century shows a renewed interest in Christian eschatology, which must
be understood in the context of the rise of liberal theology in the nineteenth century based on
ideas stemming from the European Enlightenment, especially its emphasis on the role of reason
and personal experience. In a somewhat parallel but fundamentally different way, changes in
eschatological thinking are also taking place in the United States, where the slower process of the
“unlearning” of Christian faith and doctrine is largely due to the influence of the religious heritage
of Puritanism and revivalism, the experience of the Civil War and the consequent conflict between
liberal and conservative theologies, enabling the survival of a Christian eschatology characterized
by a ‚radical‘ millennial expectation, while in Europe, following the general disillusionment with
the optimistic vision of a progressive society in the early and first half of the twentieth century, the
Christian eschatology has become more and more popular. In the first half of the twentieth century,
some Protestant theologians returned to a futuristic and transcendent version of eschatology, but in
an already highly intellectualized and de-mythologized form, open to dialogue with modern science
and taking into account the plurality of religions and truths in postmodern society.

Keywords: eschatology; millennialism; Enlightenment; Protestantism; demythologization

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 3 – 4, Number of Article 2, p. 223 – 245.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.3-4.2

VLASTIMIL ZÁTKA

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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CHRISTIAN HUMANISM IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF L. FEUERBACH

Abstract: This study examines Feuerbach’s anthropological conception of the Christian religion
and explores its deepest philosophical and theological problems. In contrast to Hegel, the young
Feuerbach conceived of the Christian religion as a philosophical anthropology and rejected Hegel’s
metaphysical account of it. According to Feuerbach, the essence of the Christian religion is Christology,
which in his view is a special kind of religious anthropology without metaphysical foundations. The
study shows that in Feuerbach‘s conception of the Christian religion a new concept of the personal
relationship between man and God was constructed. Instead of the traditional metaphysical
description of the Christian belief in a transcendent God, a new theory of religious belief in Man
and Humanity took its place. The study also emphasizes that Feuerbach’s new anthropological and
anti-metaphysical conception of religion was not only theoretical but also ethical, and that the main
aim of his philosophy was to construct a deeper philosophical account of modern secular humanism
in relation to Christian religion and ethics. The final part of the study highlights his importance for
contemporary postmodern and post-metaphysical philosophical thought and his legacy for modern
Czech humanist philosophy.

Keywords: anthropological theory of Christian religion; critique of Hegel’s metaphysical conception
of religion; religion as universal humanism; philosophical anthropology as Christology, new postmetaphysical
theory of religious ethics; rejection of Nietzsche’s nihilism and scientific positivism

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 3 – 4, Number of Article 1, p. 184 – 222.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.3-4.1

VLADISLAV SHESTAKOV

FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA, UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI, KATEDRA PSYCHOLOGIE
FACULTY OF ARTS, PALACKÝ UNIVERSITY OLOMOUC, DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY

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THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF REPRESENTATIVES PRACTICING NEW AGE AND OTHER NONPERSONIFIED
RELIGIONS

Abstract: This article deals with the analysis of psychological profiles of participants practicing
the New Age movement and other non-personified alternative beliefs. The aim of the research
is to identify certain psychological traits of the respondents. For the research the author uses the
psychological method of the Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire Mccrae-Costa or the Big Five
in the adaptation by A. B. Khromov. The sample consists of 27 female and male respondents with
Belarusian, Ukrainian, and Russian nationalities. The average age of the participants is 29.5 years.
The quantitative research was conducted between 2022 and 2023 and was carried out in the
manner of electronic data collection through Google Forms. Based on the statistical analysis, the
author of the article came to the conclusion that all 27 participants of the study have low levels of
neuroticism and extroversion factors. The results of the conducted research may be useful to clinical
psychologists specializing in the field of religion or religious studies. The results can also be used by
centre staff when working with adolescents who are interested in New Age but do not subscribe to
any religion. Psychologists can use the results in psychological training or psychodrama to examine
the emotional behavior of clients.

Keywords: New Age; shamanism; paganism; Big Five

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 7, p. 97 – 105.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.7

ADAM BAUDIŠ

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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PRECIOUS WATER: BLOOD SACRIFICE AS THE FOOD OF THE GODS

Abstract: In this paper, we will firstly take a brief look at the way and exactly how transcendental
beings could have been fed and quite literally kept alive. We will demonstrate the main topic
of blood sacrifice in its basic form from within the context of biblical sacrifices. The next part is
dedicated to Aztec human sacrifices, in which blood sacrifices take upon their “purest” form. The
topic of Mesoamerican ritual cannibalism is introduced in connection with the human participation
required in sacrifices.

Keywords: Ancient Egypt; Aztecs; Blood; Cannibalism; Food; Human sacrifice; Mesoamerica; Old
Testament; Ritual; Sacrifice

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 6 p. 88 – 96.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.6

LUKÁŠ DE LA VEGA NOSEK

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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MELKITE THEOLOGY IN LATE EIGHTH CENTURY ARABIC. THE FORM OF ORTHODOXY IN THE CREED
OF THEODORE ABU QURRAH (755-830)

Abstract: An analytical study entitled Melkite Arab Theology in Late 8th Century ( The Shape of
Orthodoxy in Theodore Abū Qurrah‘s Creed, 755-830) is based on a detailed analysis of the key text of
the Confession of faith (ar. Amānah al-urthūdhuksīya) from the pen of the Melkite bishop of Harran,
Theodore Abū Qurrah. A deeper analysis of this text, even in world languages, is still lacking. The
study begins with an introduction to the Melkite Church and the life of Abū Qurrah. Subsequently,
the text of the Confession of faith itself is presented in more detail. The very personal character of
the whole text is traced, as well as some topics: the Christian trinity, Trinitarian heresiography, the
mystery of the Incarnation, and Christological heresiography. Theodore wrote a short Confession
of faith, which can be called a small theological summa. It is written very poetically. In content,
the Confession of faith is in complete harmony with the key councils of Christian antiquity. The
Confession not only shows the mature Christian theology of Theodore Abū Qurrah, and hence of
the Melkite tradition of the time, but above all it points to a unique interpretation of orthodoxy in
the Arabic language. Theodore proves in his Confession that the orthodoxy of the Melkite Church
of the late eighth and early ninth centuries lived in deep harmony with all the ancient councils of
Christianity. It is not just a repetition of the same thing, but a deeper form of interpretation.

Keywords: history of christian theology; melkite theology of 9th century; Theodore Abu Qurrah
(755-830); christology; trinitology

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 5, p. stránka 67 – 87.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.5

EVA VYMĚTALOVÁ HRABÁKOVÁ

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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FUNERAL RITUALS AND THE CULT OF ANCESTORS OR REMEMBRANCE OF THE DEAD: THE MIDDLE
WAY (PROBES INTO SELECTED BIBLICAL TEXTS)

Abstract: We‘re trying to discover the three basic phases of transition in the ritual of the funeral.
The first stage is the separation, the second transition, the third new integration. These stages we
are exploring in the case submitted to ancient texts. The biblical texts, we focus on the celebration
the dead ancestors. Methods: descriptions, comparison.

Keywords: rites of passages; cult of the dead; Biblical Israel; feast, prophetic critique; Psalm 23

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 4, p. stránka 47 – 66.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.4

BENJAMÍN PAVLÍK

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

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GREEK CATENAE FRAGMENTS AS UNTRUSTWORTHY SOURCES OF ORIGEN’S THOUGHT

Abstract: Origen is one of the most prolific writers of antiquity. However, only fractional parts of
Origen’s literary corpus are preserved through direct tradition. Most scholars, therefore, resort to
texts belonging to the indirect tradition of Origen’s corpus, including Greek fragments preserved
in the collections of exegetical passages called “catenae.” Although the catena manuscripts
contain many textual units bearing Origen’s name, the paper argues that catena fragments are not
trustworthy sources of Origen’s thought, and their textual testimony has to be verified by other
texts independent of the “catenae” tradition.

Keywords: Origen; catenae; fragments; patristic exegesis; early Christianity

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 3, p. 34 – 46.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.3

JAROSLAV HRDLIČKA

HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA UNIVERZITY KARLOVY
HUSSITE THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY

PROFESSOR VOJTĚCH ONDROUCH AND THE FACULTY OF ARTS OF THE CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN
BRATISLAVA

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Abstract: Vojtěch Ondrouch (1891-1963), a Czech historian of antiquity, an archaeologist, and
a numismatist, graduated from the Olomouc Theological Faculty (ThDr.), History at the Faculty of
Arts of Charles University in Prague, and the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University in Bratislava
(PhDr.). His research and publications were devoted to the history of antiquity and archaeology of
the Central Danube region, focusing on the Roman settlement of the first to the fourth centuries.
After working at several secondary schools in Slovakia, he completed his habilitation in 1934 at
the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University in Bratislava in the history of antiquity. He had to leave
Comenius University in 1950 for political reasons, but returned in 1955. From 1950-1955, he worked
at the Slovak Museum as a curator and at the Slovak Academy of Sciences. He retired from the
Faculty of Arts of Charles University in 1959. From 1927-1928, he established contacts with the
leadership of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church with the aim of serving as a teacher at the prepared
divinity faculty of this church. Finally, in 1928, he decided to find his position by working at the
Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Bratislava.

Keywords: archaeologist; historian; numismatist; Danube region; Roman settlement; Comenius
University; Slovak University in Bratislava; František M. Bartoš; Július Botto; Karel Farský; Jan Heidler;
Kristián Hynek; Václav Chaloupecký; František Kovář; Kamil Krofta; František Kulhánek; František
Loskot; Vojtěch Ondrouch; Josef Pekař; Josef F. Pícha; Gustav A. Procházka; Daniel Rapant; František
Víťazoslav Sasinek; Alois Spisar; Rostislav J. Stejskal; Anton Štefánek; Josef Šusta

THEOLOGICAL REVIEW, Vol. 94, 2023, No. 1 – 2, Number of Article 2, p. 17 – 33.
DOI: 10.14712/12117617.94.1-2.2